Abstract: human knowledge traditionally bears various social and ethnic functions, and intellectual man has ever served as sacrifice, legislation, salvation, as well as enlightenment and liberation, whose practice is engaged in either salvation of souls, moral education or social reform and human emancipation. The career of clergymen and wizards in addition to the cause of enlightenment or revolution in the world dominated by instrumental rationality and technology has already become illegitimate legacy to which the intellectual man has no right of inheritance. His knowledge is either unable to provide a mythological consolation or difficult to supply the power for political actions. So, he seems to have no alternative but to reverse the over-ambitious philosophical proposition: his failure in reforming the world makes him turn to re-interpreting the world and reflecting his intellectual pattern.
逻辑家是指那些胆敢运用理智、运用论证与论据怀疑经典权威的人。祭祀知识如同礼法一样是一种神秘的知识。它通常被认为是神授或天启的知识，至少也是神圣的和圣贤的知识，因此它本身就具有权威性。这些经典与法典是只能注疏与解释，而不能进行反证的真理。 这种神秘知识的制度化的破产，使得生死和灵魂拯救的存在问题再度变成个人的事情。当然，关于死亡和灵魂拯救的问题是否真的变成了个人的事情、而个人是否能够承担是另外一回事。通常人们所感受到的是获得了自由与解放的体验，是世俗幸福的权利。